[Column] Summer Joint Health: Hidden Dangers Lurking in Cooling Devices

Kim Hak-sang, Director of Sports Rehabilitation Center, Haeundae Bumin Hospital

As the midsummer heat intensifies, the use of indoor cooling devices has increased significantly.

To escape the heat, people naturally reduce outdoor activities and spend more time indoors relying on air conditioners or fans. However, it is easy to overlook the fact that, in these spaces where we avoid the heat, unexpected threats to joint health may arise.

Many believe that joint pain worsens mainly in the cold, windy winter, but joints are affected by the environment in the summer as well. In fact, the use of cooling devices and sudden temperature changes during summer can stiffen the muscles and ligaments around the joints, reduce blood flow, and cause pain or worsen existing joint conditions. Joints that are more exposed, such as the knees and shoulders, are especially sensitive to cold air.

The knee is one of the most vulnerable joints for the elderly. Reduced physical activity in summer decreases knee joint flexibility and accelerates cartilage wear between the joints, speeding up the progression of degenerative arthritis. Spending time in air-conditioned spaces can further aggravate this problem.

The shoulder is no exception. Shoulder conditions such as frozen shoulder or rotator cuff injuries are highly sensitive to external stimuli from cooling devices during summer. This is why people in professions that require frequent arm use, as well as those in middle age and older, often report increased shoulder pain. Due to its unique structure that allows 360-degree rotation, the shoulder joint is particularly sensitive to changes in external temperature.

So, how can you protect your joints during the summer heat?

Most importantly, set the air conditioner to maintain an indoor temperature between 24 and 26 degrees Celsius, and avoid having the airflow directly hit your body. If you need to sit on the floor for extended periods, use a knee blanket or cushion to block out the cold. In addition, performing light stretching or joint exercises daily can help maintain flexibility and circulation.

The most important thing is not to endure the pain. If joint pain recurs or you experience pain at night, do not overexert yourself; visit a nearby hospital for an accurate diagnosis. Since it takes a long time for knee and shoulder injuries to heal once damaged, prevention is especially important.

Summer is not just a hot season. Every healthy habit helps maintain your body’s balance during the heat. In particular, because joint health is closely linked to quality of life, it is essential to pay warm and constant attention to your joints even in air-conditioned environments.