IMF "세계 경제 '위험단계' 진입.. 단호한 대처를"<전문>

유로존 위기해결 적극 지원, 새 단기융자제도 설립 검토

[아시아경제 김영식 기자] 국제통화기금(IMF)은 24일(현지시간) 미국 워싱턴에서 24개국 재무장관들이 참여하는 국제금융통화위원회(IMFC)를 개최하고 현재 세계 경제가 직면한 위기에 단호히 대처한다는 내용의 공동성명(코뮈니케)를 발표했다.

IMFC는 “세계 경제가 ‘위험한 단계’에 접어들었으며 이에 각별한 경계가 필요하다”면서 “IMF와 각 회원국은 과감한 조치를 취할 수 있도록 준비를 갖추고 각국간 공조에 나서야 한다”고 밝혔다.

또 재정위기 해결을 위해 필요한 행동에 나선다는 유로존 각국의 결의를 지지하며 IMF가 전지구적 차원의 역할 수행의 일환으로 유로존 위기 해결을 강력히 지원할 태세를 갖추고 있다고 덧붙였다.

IMFC는 현재 직면한 위기는 구체적으로 국가부채 위기, 세계 금융시스템의 취약성, 세계 경제성장률의 둔화, 높은 실업률이라고 지적하면서 “각국이 처한 환경은 다르지만 경제와 금융시스템이 밀접히 연관되어 있음을 주지하고 금융안정성 확보와 세계경제 회복을 위해 협력할 것이라고 언급했다.

IMF는 금융위기로 외자 조달이 어려워진 나라를 지원하기 위해 새로운 단기 대출 제도의 실시를 검토하고 IMF가 충분한 자금을 공급할 수 있는지 등에 대해 분석해 내년 4월 차기 회의에 보고하기로 했다.

이날 회의에는 IMFC 의장을 맡고 있는 타르만 샨무가라트남 싱가포르 부총리 겸 재무장관과 크리스틴 라가르드 IMF총재, 24개국(사우디아라비아, UAE, 일본, 프랑스, 덴마크, 칠레, 네덜란드, 캐나다, 미국, 러시아, 알제리, 브라질, 인도, 가봉, 나이지리아, 영국, 벨기에, 스페인, 독일, 호주, 태국, 이탈리아, 스위스, 중국) 재무장관이 참여하고 세계은행(WB), 유럽중앙은행(ECB), 국제결제은행(BIS), 금융안정위원회(FSB), 유엔무역개발기구(UNCTAD), 세계무역기구(WTO) 등 12개 국제기구 대표자가 옵서버로 참여했다.

이하는 IMFC 공동선언문 전문이다.

Collective Action for Global Recovery Chaired by Mr. Tharman Shanmugaratnam, Deputy Prime Minister of Singapore and Minister for Finance

The global economy has entered a dangerous phase, calling for exceptional vigilance, coordination and readiness to take bold action from members and the IMF alike. We are encouraged by the determination of our euro-area colleagues to do what is needed to resolve the euro-area crisis. We welcome that the IMF stands ready to strongly support this effort as part of its global role.

Today we agreed to act decisively to tackle the dangers confronting the global economy. These include sovereign debt risks, financial system fragility, weakening economic growth and high unemployment. Our circumstances vary, but our economies and financial systems are closely interlinked. We will therefore act collectively to restore confidence and financial stability, and rekindle global growth.

The advanced economies are at the core of an effective resolution of current global stresses. The strategy is to restore sustainable public finances while ensuring continued economic recovery. Taking into account different national circumstances, advanced economies will adopt policies to build confidence and support growth, and implement clear, credible and specific measures to achieve fiscal consolidation. Euro-area countries will do whatever is necessary to resolve the euro area sovereign debt crisis and ensure the financial stability of the euro area as a whole and its member states. This includes implementing the euro-area Leaders' decision of July 21 to increase the flexibility of the European Financial Stability Facility, maximizing its impact, and improve euro-area crisis management and governance. Advanced economies will ensure that banks have strong capital positions and access to adequate funding; maintain accommodative monetary policies as long as this is consistent with price stability, bearing in mind international spillovers; revive weak housing markets and repair household balance sheets; and undertake structural reforms to boost jobs and the medium-term growth potential of their economies.

Emerging market and developing economies, which have displayed remarkable stability and growth, are also key to an effective global response. The strategy is to adjust macro-economic policies, where needed, to rebuild policy buffers, contain overheating and enhance our resilience in the face of volatile capital flows. Surplus economies will continue to implement structural reforms to strengthen domestic demand, supported by continued efforts that achieve greater exchange rate flexibility, thereby contributing to global demand and the rebalancing of growth. Fostering inclusive growth and creating jobs are priorities for all of us.

We reaffirm the importance of the financial sector reform agenda and are committed to its full and timely implementation. We will continue our coordinated efforts to strengthen the regulation of systemically important financial institutions, establish mechanisms for orderly domestic and cross-border resolution of troubled financial institutions, and address risks posed by shadow banking.

We call on the Fund to play a key role in contributing to an orderly resolution of the current crisis and prevention of future crises. We welcome the Consolidated Multilateral Surveillance Report as an important tool to focus our discussions on key risks and policy issues. We welcome the directions set out in the Managing Director's Action Plan. In particular, we encourage the Fund to focus on the following priorities and report to the IMFC at our next meeting:

* A more integrated, evenhanded, and effective surveillance framework that better captures risks to economic and financial stability, drawing on the Fund's Triennial Surveillance Review and spillover reports;

* Early assessment of current financing tools and enhancements to the global financial safety net;

* Review of the adequacy of Fund resources;

* Ensuring adequate policy advice and financing to support low-income countries, including to address volatile food and fuel prices; and

* Further work on a comprehensive, flexible, and balanced approach for the management of capital flows, drawing on country experiences.

Governance reform is crucial to the legitimacy and the effectiveness of the IMF. We will intensify our efforts to meet the 2012 Annual Meetings target for the entry into force of the 2010 quota and governance reform. We call on the Fund to complete a comprehensive review of the quota formula by January 2013 and to report on progress at our next meeting. We reaffirm the commitment to complete the Fifteenth General Review of Quotas by January 2014. We look forward to further enhancing the role of the IMFC as a key forum for global economic and financial cooperation.

We thank Mr. Strauss-Kahn and Mr. Lipsky for their outstanding service at the helm of the Fund in difficult times. We warmly welcome Ms. Lagarde, Mr. Lipton, Ms. Shafik, and Mr. Zhu. Our next meeting will be held in Washington, D.C. on April 21, 2012.

김영식 기자 grad@