Controversy Grows Over Higher Fees for Non-Europeans
Attention on Impact for Paid Admission Debate at Korean Museums
Public Nature of Cultural Heritage Tested Amid Funding Justifications
France is facing growing controversy over the public nature of culture after imposing higher admission fees on non-European visitors at major cultural heritage sites. Critics argue that, contrary to the stated goal of securing additional funding, the continent-based fee differentiation is fueling accusations of discrimination. While the practice of charging foreign visitors is often cited as a policy reference in Korea, some experts caution that a more careful approach is needed, especially as the National Museum of Korea considers introducing admission fees.
Starting January 14, the Louvre Museum in Paris raised admission fees for adult visitors from outside Europe by 45%, from 22 euros (37,568 won) to 32 euros (54,645 won). This so-called "dual pricing system" has sparked heated debate over racial and national discrimination.
According to AFP, the Louvre applies the increased fee to visitors from outside the European Union, Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway. The French government plans to use the additional revenue for the preservation and restoration of national heritage sites.
Other heritage sites have joined in raising fees for non-European visitors. The Palace of Versailles charges 35 euros during peak season (April to October) and 25 euros during the off-season, which is 3 euros higher than the rates for European visitors. Chambord Castle in the Loire Valley and Sainte-Chapelle in Paris have also increased their admission fees.
The controversy is significant. The Louvre Museum labor union called the measure "a shocking decision from philosophical, social, and humanitarian perspectives," demanding its withdrawal and calling for a strike. There are also concerns about inevitable administrative confusion and conflict during the process of verifying visitors' nationalities.
Experts point out that the criteria and purpose of the differentiated pricing system are unclear. Lee Eunhee, Professor of Consumer Studies at Inha University, stated, "There have been cases of different fees for domestic and foreign visitors, but distinguishing between Europe and non-Europe is unusual," adding, "A price difference based on continent does not seem like an appropriate approach." She further emphasized, "The National Museum of Korea should not discriminate between domestic and foreign visitors as a matter of principle," and "the promotional benefits brought by foreign visitors should not be overlooked."
Oh Youngchan, Professor of Social Studies Education at Ewha Womans University, also commented, "Dual pricing is typically used in developing countries, but France has adopted it with an excessive gap," adding, "It is a symbolic scene that prompts a reassessment of France's status as a country that has prided itself on cultural leadership."
Regarding the discussion of introducing admission fees at the National Museum of Korea, he said, "The purpose of pursuing paid admission is unclear," stressing, "This is not an issue to be swayed by directives or public opinion, but one that requires a clear national philosophy regarding museums." He added, "If paid admission is to be introduced, the legal and administrative nature of the museum must be re-examined," and "a fundamental policy discussion is needed."
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