Kim Bitnaeri Identifies 'Precise RNA Binding Sites'

Kim Bitnaeri, Head of RNA Research Group at the Institute for Basic Science

[Asia Economy Reporter Junho Hwang] Domestic researchers have developed a technology that can precisely identify the binding sites between RNA and RNA-binding proteins. RNA-binding proteins are key factors that regulate gene expression and are expected to contribute to uncovering the physiological principles of proteins involved in diseases and cellular functions.

The research team led by Bitnaeri Kim, head of the RNA Research Group at the Institute for Basic Science (IBS), announced on the 9th that they have developed a method to accurately pinpoint the detailed binding sites between RNA and RNA-binding proteins within human cells.

The team succeeded in identifying precise RNA binding sites by using hydrofluoric acid instead of the nucleic acid-degrading enzymes previously used. Leveraging prior research showing that hydrofluoric acid breaks down the phosphodiester bonds in DNA and phosphate groups bound to peptides, the team completely decomposed RNA into single molecules. They identified approximately 2,000 types of RNA binding sites at the amino acid level with high resolution among 600 RNA-binding proteins bound to the entire cellular RNA.

In particular, the team identified RNA binding sites present in TDP-43, a protein causing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and PRKDC, essential for DNA repair. This indicates that the RNA binding discovered this time regulates the functions of each protein.

The research team stated, "Based on the RNA binding sites identified this time, it will be possible to conduct detailed studies on RNA-RNA binding protein interactions within cells," and added, "We expect that by modifying this technology, the research scope can be expanded to proteins that bind not only RNA but also DNA."

The research results were published on the 9th in the international journal Nature Structural & Molecular Biology.

Meanwhile, in April, the research team led by Bitnaeri Kim completed the world's first 'genetic precision map' analyzing the gene sequence of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19).